I worked on a project offshore Greece that had crude oil that was 70% liquid hydrogen sulfide. I saw this after posting. Burn the drillers! No commercial hydrocarbons were found before drilling hit a molten sulfur deposit, which solidified around the drill string, causing the drill pipe to twist-off and a loss of the bottom-hole assembly. In some places the crust wrinkled into mountains, at various times and places. Its safe to assume that over these past ten years, the average well depth has only increased from there. Apparently, 12 kilometers was the maximum at the time before technical difficulties related to pressure, resistance, and heat became overwhelming. Over 41 km is the present record. Amazing would be more aptif only this depth were true. For 20th Centurys final quarter the Basin remains the frontier of deep drilling technology centered on Elk City, Deep Gas Capital of the World. As an Amazon Associate, AOGHS earns a commission from qualifying purchases. The downhole tool assemblies could no longer be lifted and dropped. Ultradeep oil well drilled in Washita County (Oklahoma, USA) in 1973-1974. At 31,441 feet, the Bertha Rogers well held a record at the turn of the twenty-first century as the world's deepest producing well. My interest was in meteorology. Luckily, the oil industry does not have such human obstacles, and drilling deep into the Earths crust is instead limited by a different set of circumstances how deep can the machinery and technology go before the unfathomable heat and pressure renders it inoperable? OH NO!!!! Well, very deep. On top of the range there is a strange, flat plateau. Those are from the time when the Atlantic was just a rift valley or a narrow sea and vast amounts of sediments was eroded from the escarpments on both sides and deposited in the rift, together with salt from salt lakes and restricted hypersaline arms of the ocean. Given what I know, drilling below 10 thousand meters vertical depth is a waste of money. So much they know, that is not so, is in most cases worse than outright ignorance. To make matters more interesting, there is also the issue of higher temperature deep in the ground. It has been an intracratonic depression since at least the Cambrian Period >500 million years. While these depths are impressive, mining is limited by the frailty of the human body. The world's most viewed site on global warming and climate change, This eye-catching blog post was published in 2017 by Fuel Fighter. Those are source rocks, not reservoir rocks. Salt and water are also less dense than most other overburden. I have been in the real estate industry for over 15 years and I love being able to find the perfect home for any family. As depths increased, frequent stops were needed to bail out water and cuttings and sharpen the bits iron edge. The shallow water Lower Tertiary gas discovery at Davy Jones is well out of the oil window, but in the gas window and has never produced anything. I did not sidestep the question. New patients are welcome. There is also narrow basins with thick sediments along much of the coasts of the Atlantic. Many holes have been dug for both research and commercial purposes. ROBERT ALEXANDER HEFNER III, PETROLEUM INDUSTRY. Was it pure sulfur? But I invite scientists more knowledgeable than me to comment on this. And further west, there is also a long history of various cycles and processes, including uplift, erosion, sedimentation, further uplift, etc. John L. Grandin attempted to recover a lost drill bit at his 1859 well near Tidioute, Pennsylvania. Around the Caspian Sea and the Gulf of Mexico sedimentary basins are over 15,000m deep. The Gulf of Mexico has accumulated more than 60,000 of sedimentary column over the last 200 million years. Well fishing tools are constantly being improved and new ones introduced, explained David T. Day in his A Handbook of the Petroleum Industry in 1922. Were sticking needles deep into Mother GAIA!!!! This is almost impossible to explain to a freshman geology student, much less people with no understanding of geology. The layered zones made it practical to dill these very deep wells as a field. In addition to the important bearing that this discovery has on the general geophysical sciences, there is a potential economic impact. 1 in Washita County, drilled in 1971 to 31,441 feet, was then the worlds deepest well. Sometimes many inches, sometimes barely moving, or just sitting mostly still, or spinning. Rough schematic comparing relative dimensions of earth's crustal thickness, depth of the Kola well, and height of Mt. The Sierra Nevada contains some of these types of features, which subsequent erosion brought to the surface. Among the fishing tools at the mans feet are 3.5-inch iron poles, each 20 feet in length and weighing 500 pounds. URL: https://aoghs.org/petroleum-art/high-flying-trademark. Since then, numerous gas wells have been drilled there below the twenty thousand foot range, including the Lone Star Bertha Rogers in Beckham County. Trading and investing carries a high risk of losing money rapidly due to leverage. Has any oil sample been found to scientifically date to prior to the beginning of the Triassic period, approx. The problem I see is that rocks found below about 7 km of sediment tend to be low quality, temperature and pressure increase to the outer limits, and this hurts the economic returns to such an extent that looking for that deep oil can be a dicey business. Get to know us - Dr Bertha Rogers At our practice in Oxford Circus (W1W), all of our therapists are qualified psychologists, psychotherapists or counsellors. The cable-tool rigs manila rope or wire line would break. Warren County roadside marker photo. I think the question is not subduction, but the vertical extent of sedimentation, no? They are registered with several professional bodies, including the Health and Care Professions Council (HCPC), the British Psychological Society (BPS), as well as, BACP, UKCP and BABCP. The United States began a similar investigation, called Project Mohole, in 1961. Plate tectonics, prevailing idea of the particulars of Earth history, the entire discipline of physical geography these are not vague ideas or based on some shoestring hypotheses. It is a world class source rock. Hes completely on top of his subject and a master of communication. I know where oil does not come from, plants and dinosaurs at 40,000 feet. If the oldest oil sampled is not much beyond 400 million years age (~start of Carboniferous period), I believe that would be the nail in the coffin for the abiotic theory of oil. John Livingston Grandin dug his well nearby using a simple spring pole but soon wedged his iron chisel downhole. UA is committed to providing accessible websites. She was a member of Jeter Chapel Baptist Church. Related: U.S. Shale Growth To Flatline Within 2 Years. The San Andreas is a transform fault, and the land on the west side of it, including Baja California and the southern coast of CA including San Diego and Los Angeles, is actually part of the Pacific plate. The challenge of retrieving broken (and often expensive) equipment obstructing a well fishing began tormenting oil and natural gas exploration companies since the first tool stuck irretrievably at 134 feet deep and ruined a Pennsylvania well. This includes individual articles (copyright to OHS by author assignment) and corporately (as a complete body of work), including web design, graphics, searching functions, and listing/browsing methods. Any place where materials from uphill are deposited becomes a sediment. It cost $7 million but yielded relatively little gas. The Pacific plate is not being subducted beneath North America at the present time. We were running a three inch drill string on the bottom section of the well and a four inch drill string on the top. AAPG 2007 Annual Convention, Long Beach, California, April 1-4, 2007. At this time development was deferred. . I suppose molten sulfur would count as economic basement. A 2014 geologic map of 50,000 square mile Anadarko Basin showing thickness of strata courtesy U.S. Geological Survey. The deepest well ever drilled for any reason, the Kola Superdeep Borehole in Russia, only went down 40,230 feet. But I could not think of a single reason why the number listed would be any sort of limit, unless maybe it referred to a person with no oxygen in an open gondola. When wells are drilled, the depth is measured from a reference datum, usually the Kelly bushing (KB) of the drilling rig. Last Updated: December 26, 2022. Wow! This is a strawman written to knock down. Other plates have been, and still are, doing so. Individuals should consider whether they can afford the risks associated to trading. Shows the many dangers of the internet. The rate of cracking and the end products are strongly dependent on the temperature and presence of catalysts. Maybe slang isnt the right word, but its obviously a shorthand or informal way of referring to molecular breakdown. That is amazing. (Hmmmshould I close with a sarc/tag or a smiley face?). 1 had to be completed at just 14,000 feet after striking molten sulfur at 31,441 feet. Of course since it was in the tropics it didnt have the dynamics to be severe but Im sure if it had been over the island there would have been flooding. But is the O-14 really 49,000 feet deep? Photo courtesy Library of Congress. 1 Sanders well near Sayre became Oklahomas deepest gas producer at 24,996 feet. Learn more about UAs notice of web accessibility. Wells drilled here have been among the worlds deepest. The well set a world record and remains one of the deepest ever drilled. I think they are dangerous when not clearly marked as primarily wild eyed guesswork. Independent producer John West in 2006 preserved artifacts in the closed Anadarko Basin Museum of Natural History in Elk City, Oklahoma. The Battle for the Truth about Global Warming, invaluable Steven F. Hayward, The Weekly Standard, changed the world and is one of the most influential resources on global warming. Then jumped out with just a parachute. There are no oil wells in the Gulf of Mexico with bottom hole temperatures outside of the oil window. Most of the sedimentary column is composed of thick, organic-rich shale. it would be interesting to read Fuel Fighters account of this well. 1 well have been carried out: total organic carbon, Soxhlet extraction and silica gel chromatography, C15+ saturated and aromatic hydrocarbon gas chromatography and mass spectrometry, pyrolysis, kerogen analysis, X-ray diffraction and visual kerogen analysis. People-Focused Other than oil & gas, what do you think occupies the pore space in sedimentary rocks? Jonathon Moseley, American Thinker, flashy (apparently widely distributed) Michael E. Mann, Material on this website is copyright 2006-2022, by Anthony Watts, and may not be stored or archived separately, rebroadcast, or republished without written permission. Its About the Boredom of theBourgeoisie, Urbanization Effects on GHCN Temperature Trends, Part I: The Urbanization Characteristics of the GHCN Stations, Why Climate Skepticism Has Not Yet Succeeded, Surprise! I think that was an Honoury Darwin Award because he survived, The graphic got the hot air balloon height wrong as well. Charles N. Gould, "The Anadarko Basin," Daily Oklahoman (Oklahoma City), 1 April 1934. Indeed the reply is usually Well those are just your numbersand if I push the point further that they are not my numbers but the real data the reply is usually either that I work in the oil industry so am automatically biased or that they do not want to discuss this anymore with a denier or finally I get the nail in the head, the infantile consensus argument. My gas & electric bills are paid for with money. Now I hear they are leasing drilling beneath the gas pay zones. Ten years ago, the latest data from the Energy Information Administration shows, the average depth of U.S. exploration oil wells was almost 7,800 feet. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lawnchair_Larry_flight. Dating methods include vitranite reflectance and 13C isotope ratios in diamondoids (which arent diamonds). Fingernails can grow a lot in 4,500,000,000 years. More than 500 of her poems have been published in literary journals, and she had received eight nominations for the Pushcart Prize. It led to far deeper wells. During some of these processes, the whole continent was compressed and the lands lifted up, and what had been inland sea and deep areas of sediment got lifted miles up. including Medicare and Medicaid. And would you please compare the areal extent of Mt. 901-759-0029, Midtown / Memphis Campus Drilling four times further in a horizontal direction than in a vertical direction is impressive indeed. It was completed in a Lower Tertiary Wilcox sandstone (26,831 27,385). In 1926, British geophysicist Harold Jeffreys proposed that this transition zone within the crust, identifiable on seismic records around most of the world as a "jump" in seismic velocity, could be attributed to a change in rock type from granite to a denser "basement" of basalt (basalts can be seen at the surface when they emerge as lava flows). Even so, Bertha Rogers reigned as the deepest well in the United States for three decades, finally exceeded in 2004., Although no gas was produced at its record depth, the well was successfully competed as a natural gas discovery at 13,000 feet. We're home to five men's and six women's athletics teams and a variety of intramural sports opportunities. Those sediments are ex-mountains. If the energy return goes to less than about 12X the energy invested we are in trouble. Unfortunately, at this depth the drillers struck liquid sulfur, which put an end to plans to continue drilling. Where they were digging, the Moho is 16,000 ft deep, so the team fell far short of their goal. And Im not even factoring in the compaction of the sediments as they pile up. So, the temperature in an ultradeep borehole is not just higher than surface temps: it tops 180 degrees Celsius at a depth of 12 km, or 39,370 feet. In both, its splitting molecular bonds. This quote from Arrhenius establishes the fact that the Greenhouse Effect, far from being a misnomer, is so-called because it was originally based on the assumption that an atmosphere and the glass of a greenhouse are the same in their workings. This process requires high temperatures and high pressure.[1]. Theres an Objectively Measured Earth Surface Temperature, U.S. The rigs in North Dakota are large because supporting two miles of pipe takes a lot of steel. The zones were layers, about 7 potential zones, the Granite Wash was the last one to test as you came uphole. 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